The engine block and crank-connecting rod mechanism are composed of engine block, piston-connecting rod group and crankshaft flywheel group. The engine block includes cylinder head, cylinder gasket, cylinder block, oil pan and other parts. Piston connecting rod group includes piston, piston ring, piston pin, connecting rod and other parts. Crankshaft flywheel group includes crankshaft, flywheel, pulley, timing gear and other parts.
The valve train consists of three parts: valve group, valve drive group and valve transmission group. The valve group includes valves (intake valve and exhaust valve), valve springs, valve seats, valve guides and other parts. The valve train includes camshaft, rocker arm and other parts. The valve drive group includes timing pulley (or gear, sprocket), timing belt (or timing chain), valve tappet and other parts.
Gasoline engine is a spark-ignition engine, and the function of the ignition system is to make the spark plug in the cylinder generate an electric spark at an appropriate time to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder. The ignition system is mainly composed of battery, ignition switch, ignition coil, spark plug and related high-voltage wires.
The cooling system is mainly composed of water pump, thermostat, radiator, cooling fan and related cooling hoses.
The lubrication system is mainly composed of a strainer, an oil pump, an oil filter and related oil passages, as shown in the figure. Some engine lubrication systems also have oil coolers and other devices to cool the oil.
The starting system is mainly composed of starting switch, starter, battery, starting relay, etc. When the driver starts the engine, he turns the starting switch to make the starter run, and the starter drives the engine crankshaft to rotate through the flywheel to make the engine start smoothly.
The intake system is mainly composed of air filter, air flowmeter, intake pipe, throttle body and intake manifold. Its function is to provide the necessary air quantity for the formation of combustible mixture.
The emission control system mainly includes four systems: crankcase forced ventilation (PCV) system, fuel evaporative emission control (EVAP) system, three-way catalytic conversion (TWC) system and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system.
Exhaust gas turbocharging system is mainly composed of turbocharger, intercooler, turbocharging sensor, diaphragm driver and bypass valve. Turbocharging system uses the energy of engine exhaust gas to push the turbocharger to supercharge, without consuming the energy of the engine itself.
The content comes from "Automobile Engine from Entry to Proficiency" (Chemical Industry Press).
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