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Hainan (hard development was eventually abandoned by foreign parties)

　　In the late 1980s, after the establishment of Hainan Province and Hainan Special Economic Zone, the local government hoped to develop its own automobile industry in this new hot spot. Hainan Automobile Stamping Factory, which has experience in automobile parts production, was supported by the government and bought a low-cost vehicle production line from the turbulent Philippines at that time. However, Hainan Factory, which was not supported by Ford of the United States, never had any models to produce. At that time, Japan’s economy declined sharply. In order to seek new profit points, Hainan Automobile Factory and Mazda hit it off, and the two sides decided to jointly produce Mazda models in Hainan. In October, 1990, the first Mazda 929 in Hainan Automobile Stamping Factory was successfully trial-produced.

　　In 1991, Hainan Stamping Parts Factory began to assemble Mazda 929 wagon (HMC6470) with small quantities of imported parts. However, due to the lack of necessary technical support and relevant production experience, the assembly technology of this wagon is far from that of overseas models. In August of the same year, Hainan Automobile Stamping Factory, Japan Mazda Automobile Co., Ltd. and Japan Itochu Corporation initialled the contract, with Japan holding 25% of the shares. In February 1992, Hainan Mazda Automobile Co., Ltd. was established by Hainan Automobile Factory and Japan Mazda Automobile Company, and HMC6470 station wagon was officially put on the market. At the beginning of the joint venture, China put forward the demand for localization, but due to the lack of scientific and rigorous localization work, although the localization rate of HMC6470 has reached 70%, it soon showed common quality problems after it was put on the market. In 1991 and 1992, Hainan Stamping Parts Factory produced 2.06 million stamping parts for Shanghai and realized a profit of 12 million yuan, which eased the survival crisis of Hainan Mazda at that time.

　　The fifth-generation Mazda 929, the flagship model launched by Mazda in 1991, was all the rage in China. The car was imported into China, and its frameless door and slender overall shape were unforgettable. What is unknown, however, is that Hainan Automobile Factory once imported parts of Mazda 929 in small batches for assembly production, and 26 cars were assembled and produced in the same way as Mazda 929 at the same time. However, the output of 626 and 929 produced in Hainan at that time was extremely low, and the logo of Hainan Mazda was not attached to the car body, which made these two cars used to be imported by some dealers for sale.

　　At that time, the central government hoped that Hainan Automobile Factory and Guangdong Samsung Group would jointly set up a commercial vehicle joint venture with China as the main body. At first, the foreign investor was selected as an American company, and then the government changed the foreign partner to a German automobile company. Mercedes-Benz put forward the condition that Hainan Automobile Factory could not jointly produce cars with Japanese Mazda. Since then, the project negotiations have lasted for three years, and finally Mercedes-Benz decided to abandon the joint venture project, and the cooperation process between Hainan Automobile Factory and Japan Mazda was also interrupted during the negotiations. In 1993, Hainan Automobile Factory successively assembled and produced Mazda E2000(HMC6440) and Mazda (HMC6450) in the form of CKD.

　　In 1994, Hainan Mazda launched the Hainan Mazda 323(HMC6430) based on the sixth generation 23. This car is equipped with a 1.3L four-cylinder with a maximum horsepower of 73 HP. Compared with HMC6470 station wagon, the assembly technology and vehicle quality of Hainan Mazda 323 have made a qualitative leap. Although the joint venture company has been established, Hainan Automobile Factory has not obtained the automobile production license issued by the state, and the cars it produces can only pass through Hainan Province. Even though many Mazda models made in Hainan can be seen all over the country at that time, this sales volume is a drop in the bucket for a car company. Hainan Mazda was on the verge of bankruptcy in 1997. In order to obtain the qualification of automobile production, the Hainan provincial government agreed to be affiliated with a large state-owned automobile enterprise. In November, 1997, the Group and Hainan Provincial Government formally signed an agreement, and the two sides realized asset reorganization by means of free transfer of state-owned assets.

　　In January 1998, Hainan Mazda officially joined FAW Group, and FAW Hainan Automobile Co., Ltd. was put into operation. The models produced by this company can finally be sold in the national market. However, Hainan Mazda, which belongs to FAW Group, has not received financial and technical support from FAW, but only obtained the qualification to produce cars. In March 1999, HMC6470 station wagon produced by Hainan Automobile was approved for sale in the whole country. Two months later, Hainan Automobile introduced HMC6470 station wagon with domestic 4Y(491) engine, and its localization rate has reached 85%. In October of the same year, Hainan Automobile launched Mazda 323 car named CA7160, which was equipped with a 1.6-liter carburetor engine. Since more than 90% of the parts need to be imported, Hainan Automobile finally gave up MPV.

　　Although there has been a few years’ gap with Japan’s Mazda, with the gradual recovery of Japan’s economy, Mazda also urgently needs to seek partners after seeing the huge business opportunities in China market. Hainan Auto once again hit it off with Mazda. However, due to its previous investment in China, the cautious Japanese decided to adopt technical cooperation this time. In May 2001, Mazda’s compact MPV(Premacy) was officially launched in FAW Hainan. Due to the relative shortage of domestic MPV models at that time, Prima produced by FAW Hainan Mazda quickly occupied the dominant position of domestic compact MPV once it was launched. By the end of 2001, Hainan Mazda Prima had sold more than 10,000 vehicles.

　　The success of Prima increased the confidence of FAW Hainan Mazda in introducing new models. In July 2002, Hainan Mazda introduced the eighth generation Mazda 323, which was born in 1998, into China, and the domestic Mazda 323 was named as. Hainan Mazda initially did not give Familia the 1.6-liter and 2.0-liter engines used in overseas models, but chose the same 1.8-liter naturally aspirated engine and two gearboxes as Prima, which effectively controlled the manufacturing cost of Familia. Familia was quickly recognized by consumers after its launch. Since then, the listed products and Familia have been called the "new three" of China automobile market.

　　In August, 2003, Hainan Automobile established the Automobile R&D Co., Ltd. in Shanghai. The hot sales of Prima and Familia made Hainan Mazda become the mainstream automobile production at that time in the following years, and also made Japanese Mazda see the great potential of China automobile market, which made it have greater ambition to expand China automobile market. As the saying goes, it is good to enjoy the cool under a big tree. At this time, Mazda is no longer satisfied with the profits brought by technical cooperation with Hainan Mazda. Since then, Mazda has directly thrown the olive branch to the stronger FAW Group. In March 2005, FAW Group, FAW Car Co., Ltd. and Japanese Mazda Automobile Co., Ltd. jointly established FAW Mazda Automobile Sales Co., Ltd., and mazda 6 was put into production in FAW Mazda soon.

　　After mazda 6 was "won" by FAW, the automobile group, Ford Motor Company and Mazda Motor Co., Ltd. jointly established Changan Ford Mazda Automobile Co., Ltd. in February 2006, and Familia’s successor Mazda 3 was officially put into production shortly after the establishment of the new company. Hainan Mazda once again encountered the embarrassing situation that there were no new models to introduce. After passing by two new models, Hainan Mazda had no choice but to continue to support itself in the increasingly competitive domestic market with Prima and Familia. It is in this embarrassing situation that Hainan Automobile turned from a joint venture to a road of building its own brand, and Haima Automobile was established during this period. Although many models launched later were still based on the original Mazda models, the logo of "Hainan Mazda" never appeared on these models again.

Changhe (started smoothly but failed to maintain its advantage, and the model was delayed and forgotten by the market)

　　In February, 1984, Chang ‘an Factory and Suzuki Company of Japan formally signed a technical and trade cooperation agreement to cooperate in mini-car and engine projects. On November 15th of the same year, the first batch of Changan brand SC112 minivans and SC110 minivans were officially rolled off the assembly line, which also marked the official transformation of Changan Factory from a military enterprise to a civilian vehicle manufacturer. Thanks to the domestic demand for low-end passenger and freight vehicles at that time, Changan brand mini-series vehicles were quickly recognized by the market once they were launched. At the same time, many automobile manufacturers in China, such as Changhe Aircraft Factory and Harbin Aircraft Factory, successively obtained technical support from Suzuki Company or produced Suzuki Carry as the prototype by self-imitation. For a time, various domestic minivans and minivans were popular all over the country.

　　Following the joint venture between Changan Automobile Factory and Suzuki of Japan in 1993, Jiangxi Changhe Automobile Co., Ltd. and Jiangxi Changhe Aviation Industry Co., Ltd., which had experience in producing Suzuki Carry mini-cars, jointly established Jiangxi Changhe Suzuki Automobile Co., Ltd. with Suzuki Co., Ltd. and Okaya Steel Co., Ltd. in June 1995. The Chinese side holds 51% of the shares and the Japanese side holds 49%. Changhe Suzuki continues its early business model of producing mini-cars, and its main products cover mini-vans, economical cars and engines. Changan Suzuki will be the first model to be introduced into China. Changhe Suzuki failed to launch its first model after its establishment, and finally they set their sights on Suzuki’s+in 1997.

　　Changhe Suzuki finally made Wagon R+ domestically in 2001. This Suzuki car was originally equipped with a 1.0L engine. In 2004, it launched a 69-horsepower 1.2L engine with a maximum of 95N·m and a 5-speed. Low price and spacious interior space are sought after by working-class consumers and some individual merchants. In 2005, Changhe Suzuki replaced the Big Dipper with a 1.4L engine with a maximum power of 95 HP. Over the past few years, Changhe Suzuki has only made some minor configuration adjustments to the Big Dipper, and its appearance has always been the same. Although the replacement model of Wagon R+ was launched in overseas markets in 2000, Changhe Suzuki never considered this matter, and the Big Dipper has been continuously "upgraded" and sold.

　　In November, 2005, Changhe Suzuki introduced a domestically produced model that is extremely important to it. The prototype of this car is Liana introduced by Suzuki in overseas markets in 2001, and Suzuki introduced a domestically produced modified model of Liana listed overseas in 2004. Although it was launched one year later than the prototype, it is a very timely new product for Changhe Suzuki compared with the old Big Dipper. The Liana version was first launched, with four models priced at 102.8 to 117.8 thousand yuan, equipped with a 1.6L engine with a maximum power of 95 horsepower, equipped with 5-speed manual and 4-speed. In March, 2006, Changhe Suzuki launched five more versions of Liana, but compared with Changan Suzuki and other models that were popular at that time, the sales of Liana could not satisfy Changhe Suzuki.

　　In order to enhance the competitiveness of products, Changhe Suzuki upgraded the power system of Liana, and the maximum power of the 1.6L VVT engine was increased to 109HP. The original Changhe automobile was famous for its production, and Changhe Suzuki launched a high-profile one in May 2007. This car is equipped with a 95 HP 1.4L four-cylinder engine. In addition to the standard 5-speed manual transmission, Changhe Suzuki even introduced a 4-speed automatic transmission, which was definitely an extremely bold decision in the domestic micro-market at that time. In addition, Changhe Suzuki has even launched a system of Langdi. Although Langdi is very competitive in the micro-market, its sales volume is not ideal due to the over-supply of micro-surface, which is mainly commercial. After several years of hard work, it finally withdrew from the market.

　　At the end of 2009, Changhe Suzuki was planned to be a subsidiary of Changan Automobile Group. Changhe Suzuki, which was already on the edge of the market, gradually stopped using Suzuki logo in 2011 and replaced it with a brand-new Changhe Suzuki "Three Rings" logo. In November, 2011, Changhe Suzuki introduced the last Suzuki model made in China, and officially met with consumers based on the Suzuki Splash launched by Suzuki in overseas markets in 2008. Suzuki Splash in overseas markets is equipped with 1.0L three-cylinder and 1.2L four-cylinder with code K10B and K12B, and a 1.3L four-cylinder, while Paixi in China uses 99HP and 101HP 1.4L four-cylinder engines with code K14B-C and K14B-G (with VVT technology).

　　The positioning of Changhe Suzuki Paixi is similar to that of Changan Suzuki Swift, but it may be due to the fact that Suzuki logo is not used, and the market recognition of Changhe Suzuki itself is not enough, resulting in the highest monthly sales of Paixi after listing, which is quickly forgotten by consumers. Due to the poor management of Changhe Suzuki, there was no energy and funds to introduce new models to revitalize the enterprise after Paixi stopped production. Changhe Suzuki was finally reorganized by BAIC Group in November 2013. Since then, the restructured Suzuki has no longer received technical support from Suzuki, and the models produced since then have also been developed on the basis of the original Big Dipper and Liana, and Changhe Suzuki has since withdrawn from the China market.

Conclusion:

　　Looking back at these car companies that have withdrawn from China, many car companies have the advantages of favorable weather, geographical location and human relations. After several years of smooth development, the situation has turned sharply. This is more because of overconfidence, whether it is for our own products or for the market. However, the competition in the domestic automobile market has always been cruel. Once you have the idea of living on your laurels, you are doomed to be abandoned by consumers. Looking back at these car companies that have withdrawn from China, most of them are because of this. Nowadays, the competition in the domestic automobile market is more intense. If you want to gain a foothold in the market, you must come up with excellent products and quality services, otherwise it will be a matter of time before you "leave" … (Photo/Text Li Haopeng)

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Huang Lei was deeply ripped off, and people were in jeopardy: from the early generation of Wen Qing to the "little man wrapped in pulp", what happened to him?

Huang Lei first appeared as a literary youth with long hair, and a song "I think I am the sea" once charmed countless girls. But I don’t know when, his label changed quietly, from Wen Qing, who doesn’t eat human fireworks, to a "smart man" and a greasy man who enjoys staying in the kitchen. Now he is ridiculed by the group for "cooking delicious" and seems to be looking for ways to regain his disappearing popularity.

Despite being criticized for being greasy and preaching, Huang Lei is really a genius. He was born into a family of entertainers, and his father was a national first-class actor. I grew up in the theater when I was 6 years old, and then moved to Beijing with my parents. In the college entrance examination, Huang Lei was unexpectedly defeated in the drama, but was successfully admitted to Beiying, and became classmates with Wang Jinsong and Jiang Wu. During his college years, he was admitted to the graduate school before graduation and was able to stay in Beiying as a teaching assistant.

In 1995, 24-year-old Huang Lei took a fancy to Sun Li in the art examination. The woman was six years younger than him, with excellent grades and outstanding temperament. Huang Lei approached her through the opportunity of teaching assistant, and they soon got together. At that time, Huang Lei had already entered the circle by participating in Chen Kaige’s "Walking and Singing", and the starting point was very high. In the same year, he also won the Best Supporting Actor Award at Changchun Film Festival for starring in the film "Midnight Singing". This love story is full of romance, much like the "big star falls in love with me" scene.

Subsequently, Huang Lei released albums "Singing while Walking" and "I Think I am the Sea". In the MV, his long hair was fluttering, thin and gentle, which met the criteria of mate selection for girls at that time. The heroine in the MV is his girlfriend Sun Li. In 1999, the TV series April Day on Earth made Huang Lei completely popular. Sun Li also made her debut in the same year, starring in the drama The Legend of bodhidharma. In order to help his girlfriend, Huang Lei introduced her friend Cai Yinong, who had just set up Tangren Film and Television. In 2000, Sun Li became popular for starring in The Mermaid, a legend of heaven and earth, and was called "a sister in the early Tang Dynasty". However, she chose to get married and quit when she had a bright future.

　　Hu Xiang

　　Recently, observation variety shows have become more and more popular. In the second season of "Exciting offer", the camera is aimed at the legal elites who have just entered the workplace, showing their process of upgrading and cracking monsters, from youth to maturity. Under the same roof, the observed people are a group of strange young people who live together in an apartment. The program hits the pain point that young people are too busy to socialize, can’t socialize, and dare not socialize, causing heated discussion. Why does this vertically subdivided observation variety show repeatedly break the circle? This is related to their omniscient and omnipotent perspective of God and the constant self-evolution of internal narrative.

　　Two-layer narrative theory and web synthesis version 2.0

　　Genette, a structuralist narrator, put forward a double-layer narrative theory. This division theory holds that the first narrative of literary works is an external story, which focuses on presenting the whole work; The second layer is internal narrative, focusing on sharing internal stories. Therefore, the double-layer narrative structure can be divided into internal and external narrative perspectives. The external perspective focuses on explaining the narrative from the internal perspective, while the internal perspective focuses on strengthening the authenticity of the story and promoting the plot development. This theory is suitable for observing variety shows. The internal narrative is the story of the observed object, and the external narrative is the off-site comments of the star guests. Internal narrative is responsible for creating suspense and conflict, while external narrative is a discussion field of values, which complement each other and advance together. This is forming a relatively fixed variety show mode, which is constantly evolving.

　　From its development history, such programs as My Boy, My Daughter and My Wife’s Romantic Travel can be called Version 1.0, which is characterized by taking stars as the observation objects and mainly satisfying the audience’s interest in the personal life of stars. However, the second season of Exciting offer and Under One Roof are version 2.0. The observed objects are amateurs, and the observation tentacles also extend from single interpersonal relationship to a broader workplace and social field, with further innovation in narrative, and the biggest feature is to strengthen its storytelling.

　　With the advent of the Internet age, storytelling has been promoted to a great extent, and the principle of "content is king" has become more prominent. In order to satisfy the audience’s thirst for stories, platforms and creators have almost racked their brains, whether they are long videos, medium videos or short videos, they are all pursuing a sense of story. Hot pot dramas, dinner dramas and interactive dramas emerge one after another, and variety shows follow the trend and embark on the track of storytelling.

　　For example, "Under One Roof" is a true record of social stories of six strangers in a closed space on the surface, but it is actually an idol drama-style narrative. With the plot of the variety show, the characters’ behavior can also see the shadow of the script behind them, which is more dramatic on the whole. This is no longer a pure record approaching the truth of life, but more like a dramatic performance purified in life, which makes people feel a sense of being difficult to distinguish between true and false.

　　The editing techniques in the second season of "Exciting offer" follow the rhythm of legal drama. Many people lament that Li Jinye is like He Yichen himself in "How to Shengxiao Mo", and the audience has a strong empathy with the characters. Some people think that story telling is a cognitive game, which can exercise our minds and let us simulate the world around us and imagine different strategies, especially in social scenes. The audience can also feel the pursuit of drama when watching variety shows, which is the charm brought by storytelling.

　　Inversion, Story Sense and God’s Perspective

　　The original intention of Under One Roof is to simulate a social scene and solve the social emotional needs of young people in the current fast-paced urban life. The characters selected in the program are very representative, including Liu Keli, a young boss who is busy starting a business, Li Hsing, a moat brother who realizes financial freedom, Chu Mengna who pursues the dream of an actor, and Wang Tianqi, a migrant worker who works in a fashion shop. At the beginning of the program, Liu Keli’s overbearing president’s manner, Wang Tianqi and Chu Mengna’s fireworks at street food stalls, and the mysterious e-sports professionals’ daily life were all the highlights that attracted people’s attention, because they all had a dual effect of being both real and dramatic. In particular, Wang Tianqi’s identity as a "rich second generation" from an idle worker was completely in line with the imagination of drama reversal, and the "between Li Hsing and Liu Keli and Chen Liuming" Therefore, "Under One Roof" is essentially a genre-based narrative of idol drama. In a space, it is in contact with young people from almost all walks of life and all walks of life, temporarily getting rid of the shackles of mediocre life, and seems to restart life and have a sense of fantasy.

　　In contrast, the second season of "Exciting offer" is more realistic. This season, the assessment mechanism of interns is more cruel, and the "kicking the pavilion" link is introduced, and two interns with relatively backward performance are really eliminated. Interns have also gone through legal negotiation, public welfare legal aid, investigation and evidence collection, 1V1 debate and mock trial trial. Every time, their tasks are getting heavier, and "involution" is becoming more and more intense. In particular, Hui Ding’s internship in naked resignation in pursuit of a lawyer’s dream has been dubbed "Bei Shuihui", which is regarded by netizens as a portrayal of migrant workers’ workplace, thus attracting a lot of attention. "Bei Shuihui" was "at the bottom" from the beginning of the interview to the first project task, and from the second debate began to counterattack, resulting in a sense of gap. Wang Xiao, known as "Sister Wang", took the initiative to break the aura of famous schools from the "favored son of heaven" who graduated from Stanford Law School, and the gradual mature transformation also made people feel emotional. Another example is Qiu Yi’s "slow fever" from the beginning, and her bold decision in the negotiations later made people look at each other with new eyes.

　　The program group just grasped the details of these changes and created a sense of story through "conscious" editing, as if letting the audience watch an eye-catching and thrilling legal industry drama. At the same time, with the advancement of the program, interns need to peel off the cold texture of legal provisions, personally explore the strong collision impact between human feelings and jurisprudence, reality and dreams in the society, feel the sense of powerlessness brought about by hard reality crushing in tears and loss, and regain their confidence and shine with the encouragement and help of teachers and friends. As robert mckee said in The Story, the story is not an escape from reality, but a carrier that carries us to pursue reality and try our best to dig out the true meaning of chaotic life.

　　In addition, the guest comments on the observation variety show ostensibly provide God’s perspective, which is actually an important part of building a sense of story. The internal narrative of the observation variety is very similar to the phantom on the wall in the cave described by Plato in the Republic. It is a simulation of reality and has always been separated from reality. Guest comment time is like the role of bringing cave people into the real world. The lights are on and all the discussions are held in the sun. Moreover, when the guests expressed their views, they provided many stories with their own life experiences, including positive and negative experiences and lessons. For example, if you should take the co-pilot when accompanying the leader in the car, and how to break the social deadlock when you first enter the workplace, guests can often provide a more mature value concept. Many netizens said on the barrage that "get new skills", which is also a shortcut to "exercise your mind". Through the blending of internal and external narratives, it reflects the broad social reality, and promotes the story from the internal perspective to the output of values from the external perspective. This is the secret of the advanced narrative expression of observation variety.

　　The reality show was made into an idol drama?

　　Human beings’ pursuit of stories is eternal, and it is understandable that observation variety shows strengthen the sense of stories, but this will easily lead to the paradox of authenticity. The biggest feature of observation variety is truth, especially now the observation variety which is mainly amateur has become an important direction, that is, to tell more stories of ordinary people, but like Under the Same Roof, it really walks between reality and fiction. On the one hand, I want to create the texture of real life, on the other hand, especially in the second half of the program, the sense of plot design is becoming more and more obvious.

　　For example, after Wang Tianqi and Chu Mengna went to the movies on a rainy day, they quarreled emotionally. Mona complained that Wang Tianqi was not considerate enough to cry, and the close-up shots in lines and actions were skillfully switched, and the sensational music was followed up in time. It was simply a replica of the idol drama around 2000, and the barrage was full of spit.

　　For another example, Wu Jiawen and Li Hsing have been having an affair for a long time, but suddenly they turned him down on the grounds that she likes people with a sense of youth. In the next issue of the program, a 20-year-old basketball player who is 1.9 meters tall and full of a sense of youth immediately appeared, and they had a "love triangle". No wonder netizens think that Wu Jiawen is a "tool person" and the program has thus become a "blind date program". If the hypothetical sense of drama is not well grasped, the realism created by the whole program will be greatly reduced, which will hurt the quality of the program.

　　Since the development of network observation variety, it has formed a stable expression paradigm and established its own advantages, especially its keen capture of young people’s lives, lively and free expression and moderate storytelling, which have deeply attracted young audiences. In fact, some traditional TVs are learning this mode now, but they have not learned the characteristics of networking, which leads to the good values of the program, but the communication effect is not satisfactory.

　　In the future, network variety shows must understand the double-edged sword of "truth and hypothesis", try to extend the tentacles of observation into the varied society and describe the style of the times, so as to observe the truth, taste and wisdom.